Impact of submandibular gland excision on salivary gland function in head and neck cancer patients

Jaguar, G.C.; Lima, E.N.P.; Kowalski, L.P.; Pellizon, A.C.; Carvalho, A.L.; Alves, F.A.

doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2009.11.018

« Previous Next »Oral Oncology
Volume 46, Issue 5 , Pages 349-354, May 2010

Impact of submandibular gland excision on salivary gland function in head and neck cancer patients

G.C. Jaguar
- Stomatology Department – Hospital A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Corresponding author. Address: Departamento de Estomatologia – Hospital do Câncer AC Camargo, R: Prof. Antônio Prudente, 211, Bairro: Liberdade, São Paulo, SP CEP: 01509-900, Brazil. Tel.: +55 11 2189 5129; fax: +55 11 2189 5133.
E.N.P. Lima
- Nuclear Medicine Department – Hospital A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, Brazil
L.P. Kowalski
- Head and Neck Department – Hospital A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, Brazil
A.C. Pellizon
- Radiotherapy Department – Hospital A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, Brazil
A.L. Carvalho
- Head and Neck Department – Hospital do Câncer de Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
F.A. Alves
- Stomatology Department – Hospital A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, Brazil

Received 2 October 2009; received in revised form 9 November 2009; accepted 10 November 2009. published online 15 March 2010.

Summary

Head and neck cancer surgery is often associated with neck dissection and usually includes the submandibular glands. Literature data related to remaining salivary gland function after surgery is scarce and controversial. A reduction in salivary output and increase in complaints of xerostomia have been suggested. However, a compensatory salivary mechanism has also been reported.

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the effect of neck dissection (with submandibular excision) on salivary gland function measured by salivary flow rate and salivary gland scintigraphy.

A total of 80 patients with head and neck tumors were evaluated. The surgery group was composed of 37 patients, who underwent submandibular gland resection, and the non-surgery group of 43 patients evaluated prior to radiation and/or chemotherapy treatment. Whole unstimulated and stimulated saliva collection and salivary gland scintigraphy were performed in all patients.

Twenty-one percent of patients in the surgery group reported xerostomia, whereas 7% in the non-surgery group. The mean unstimulated salivary flow was 0.60 and 0.94m/min for the surgery and non-surgery groups, respectively (p=0.008). Nevertheless, no statistical difference in the stimulated salivary flow was observed between the groups (p=0.26). In addition, the mean uptake and excretion rates for parotid and remaining submandibular glands also showed no statistical difference.

The data of the present study support the contention that submandibular gland resection causes a decrease in unstimulated salivary volume. However, the residual submandibular glands in the surgery group showed similar function to that of submandibular glands in the non-surgery group. Consequently, the compensatory salivary mechanism seems not to be a possibility.

Keywords: Xerostomia, Hyposalivation, Salivary flow, Scintigraphy, Neck dissection, Oral cancer