Oral Oncology
Volume 40, Issue 7 , Pages 697-704 , August 2004

Betel quid without tobacco as a risk factor for oral precancers

  • Binu J Jacob

      Affiliations

    • Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum 695011, India
    • ,
  • Kurt Straif

      Affiliations

    • International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon 69372, France
    • ,
  • Gigi Thomas

      Affiliations

    • Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum 695011, India
    • ,
  • Kunnambathu Ramadas

      Affiliations

    • Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum 695011, India
    • ,
  • Babu Mathew

      Affiliations

    • Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum 695011, India
    • ,
  • Zuo-Feng Zhang

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, 71-225 CHS, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    • ,
  • Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan

      Affiliations

    • International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon 69372, France
    • ,
  • Mia Hashibe

      Affiliations

    • International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon 69372, France
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Fax: +33-0-4-72-73-83-20

Received 10 November 2003 ,Accepted 7 January 2004.

References 

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  2. Balaram P, Nalinakumari KR, Abraham E, et al.  Human papillomaviruses in 91 oral cancers from Indian betel quid chewers-high prevalence and multiplicity of infections. Int. J. Cancer. 1995;61(4):450–454
  3. Chen PC, Kuo C, Pan CC, Chou MY. Risk of oral cancer associated with human papillomavirus infection, betel quid chewing, and cigarette smoking in Taiwan––an integrated molecular and epidemiological study of 58 cases. J. Oral Pathol. Med. 2002;31(6):317–322
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  16. Tobacco habits other than smoking; betel-quid and areca-nut chewing; and some related nitrosamines. IARC Working Group. Lyon, 23–30 October 1984. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risk Chem Hum 1985;37:1–268,128
  17. Lee CH, Ko YC, Huang HL, et al.  The precancer risk of betel quid chewing, tobacco use and alcohol consumption in oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis in southern Taiwan. Br. J. Cancer. 2003;88(3):366–372
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  20. Sinor PN, Gupta PC, Murti PR, et al.  A case-control study of oral submucous fibrosis with special reference to the etiologic role of areca nut. J. Oral Pathol. Med. 1990;19(2):94–98
  21. Warnakulasuriya KA. Smoking and chewing habits in Sri Lanka: implications for oral cancer and precancer. In:  Gupta PC,  Hamner JE editor. Control of Tobacco-related Cancers and Other Diseases. International Symposium, 1990. Bombay: Oxford University Press; 1992;p. 113–118

PII: S1368-8375(04)00022-3

doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2004.01.005

Oral Oncology
Volume 40, Issue 7 , Pages 697-704 , August 2004

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