Oral Oncology
Volume 37, Issue 7 , Pages 609-612 , October 2001

Shammah — induced oral leukoplakia-like lesions

  • X Zhang

      Affiliations

    • Department of Oral Biology, Beijing Medical University, Institute of Stomatology, Haidian Weigongcun, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
    • ,
  • W Schmitz

      Affiliations

    • Charité Universitätsklinikum, Zentrum für Zahnmedizin, Abteilung für Oralchirurgie und zahnärztliche Röntgenologie, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
    • ,
  • H.R Gelderblom

      Affiliations

    • Robert Koch-Institut, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
    • ,
  • P.A Reichart

      Affiliations

    • Charité Universitätsklinikum, Zentrum für Zahnmedizin, Abteilung für Oralchirurgie und zahnärztliche Röntgenologie, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +49-30-450-62602; fax: +49-30-450-62901

Received 7 September 2000 ,Accepted 14 September 2000.

References 

  1. Andersson G. Snuff-induced changes associated with the use of loose and portion-bag-packed Swedish moist snuff. Swed Dent J Suppl 1991:75.
  2. Yousef A, Hashash M. Common features and surgical interference in a prevalent oral cancer in Saudi Arabia (a preliminary report). J Laryngol Otolaryngol. 1983;37(9):837–843
  3. Salem G, Juhl R, Schiodt T. Oral malignant and premalignant changes in ‘Shammah’-users from the Gizan region, Saudi Arabia. Acta Odontol Scand. 1984;42(1):41–45
  4. Stirling G, Zahran F, Jamjoon A, Eed D. Cancer of the mouth in the Western region of Saudi Arabia. A histopathological and experimental study. King Abdulaziz Med J. 1981;1:10–16
  5. Amer M, Bull CA, Daouk M, McArthur PD, Lundmark GJ, El-Senoussi M. ‘Shamma’ usage and oral cancer in Saudi Arabia. Ann Saudi Med. 1985;5:135–141
  6. El-Akkad SM, Amer MH, Lin GS, Sabbah RS, Godwin JT. Pattern of cancer in Arabians referred to King Faisal Specialist Hospital. Cancer. 1986;58:1172–1178
  7. Hannan MA, El-Yazigi A, Paul M, Gibson DP, Philips RL. Genotoxity of ‘shamma’, a chewing material suspected of causing oral cancer in Saudi Arabia. Mutat Res. 1986;169:41–46
  8. Samman MA, Bowen ID, Taiba K, Antonius J, Hannan MA. Mint prevents shammah-induced carcinogenesis in hamster cheek pouch. Carcinogenesis. 1998;19(10):1795–1801
  9. Gelderblom H, Hausmann E, Özel M, Pauli G, Koch M. Fine structure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and immunolocalization of structural proteins. Virology. 1987;156(1):171–176
  10. Skander F, Larbaoui D. Epidémiologie du tabagisme dans la population de la Wilaya d'Alger. Rev Epidém et Santé Publ. 1989;37:143–148
  11. Commissionat Y. Les lésions de la cavité buccale induites par le tabac à chiquer. Act Odont Stomatol. 1991;173:67–71
  12. Baig M. ‘Quat und Shammah’: Oral Carcinogens in the Middle East and Africa. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999;28(Supplement 1):29
  13. Axéll T. Oral mucosal changes related to smokeless tobacco usage: research findings in Scandinavia. Oral Oncol, Eur J Cancer. 1993;29B(4):299–302
  14. Idris AM, Ibrahim SO, Vasstrand EN, Johannessen AC, Lillehaug JR, Magnusson B, et al. The Swedish Snus and the Sudanese Toombak: are they different?. Oral Oncol. 1998;34(6):558–566
  15. Idris AM, Warnakulasuriya KAAS, Ibrahim YE, Nilsen R, Cooper D, Johnson NW. Toombak-associated oral mucosal lesions in Sudanese show a low prevalence of epithelial dysplasia. J Oral Pathol Med. 1996;25:239–244

PII: S1368-8375(00)00123-8

Oral Oncology
Volume 37, Issue 7 , Pages 609-612 , October 2001

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution